Canopies and shelters are crucial architectural elements, not only for their functionality (protection from rain and sun) and aesthetics, but above all for their structural safety. Being projecting structures, without vertical supports (in the case of canopies) or with discontinuous supports (in the case of shelters), they are particularly exposed to significant environmental stresses, such as snow load and wind action. To ensure compliance with current regulations, it is essential to subject these structures to rigorous structural testing.

LOAD TEST FOR SNOW LOAD SIMULATION

One of the most important tests is the static load test, often used to simulate the most severe action: snow load. This test aims to verify whether the canopy is capable of supporting the design loads required by regulations for the specific geographical area of installation.

As can be seen from the images, the load test is performed by simulating the weight of snow on the surface of the canopy. The most common method, and the one illustrated, is to apply a load distributed using bags of material of known weight (such as sand or cement) or, alternatively, with tanks of water. In the case shown, a load of sand/bulk material is applied to cover the surface of the canopy evenly.

TEST METHODS AND EQUIPMENT

The application of the load is not random: it must be gradual and controlled until the test load is reached. During the application of the weight, high-precision measuring instruments, such as centesimal flexometers or displacement transducers, are used to monitor the deformations (deflections) of the structure in real time.

The main stages of the test include:

• Load Application: The weight is increased in steps until the maximum design load is reached.
• Load Maintenance: The maximum load is maintained for a specific period of time to observe the settling.
• Unloading and Measurement: The load is removed and any residual deformations are measured.
  The test is passed if the displacements and deformations are within the acceptance limits specified by the design and regulations, ensuring that the canopy maintains its structural integrity and efficiency even under the most extreme load conditions.

THE VALUE OF CERTIFICATION

Relying on a Notified Body to perform testing is the best guarantee of compliance. ECM, with its specialized technical staff and regularly calibrated equipment, performs testing in accordance with current regulations.

We provide high-quality testing services on products, machinery, and equipment to ensure the best possible safety in the workplace. Contact us for more information at info@entecerma.it